The knee is known as a “hinge” joint. In a healthy knee, smooth tissue called articular cartilage covers the surface of the bones that make up the joint, allowing it to move smoothly without pain.
In an unhealthy knee, the cartilage may be worn away and the surface may become irregular, causing pain and stiffness when moving the joint. This is a form of arthritis called chronic degenerative disease. Arthritis of the knee is one of the most common conditions treated by a total knee replacement.
A knee replacement is considered when pain is severe enough to disrupt your sleep or restrict your usual daily living activities, such as work, leisure and sports. Following total knee surgery, your doctor will advise you about restrictions to your activities, particularly those that put excessive strain on your knees, including high-impact sports. You will need to follow the long-term precautions outlined in this guide to benefit as much as possible from your knee replacement.
A total knee replacement involves replacing your damaged knee with an artificial one, called a prosthesis. The bottom end of the thigh bone (femur), the top end of the shin bone (tibia) and often the back of the kneecap (patella) are replaced with artificial surfaces. The components of the prosthesis are made of a combination of metal and plastic.
There are many types of prostheses in use today. The type you need will depend on the condition of your knee, as well as your height, weight, age and activities. Your surgeon will discuss with you the type of prosthesis most appropriate for your needs. |
